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FIREARMS LAWS OF MICHIGAN

The history of section 12, MCL 28.432, further supports this conclusion. Aprecursor to section 12 appeared in PublicAct 313 RI %XW LQVWHDG RI SURYLGLQJ DQ H[HPSWLRQ IURP OLFHQVLQJ VHFWLRQ RI WKDW $FW SURYLGHG WKDW D 0LFKLJDQ FRQFHDOHG SLVWRO OLFHQVH FRXOG ³EH LVVXHG WR DQ\ SHUVRQ KDYLQJ D ERQD ¿GH UHVLGHQFH RU SODFH RI EXVLQHVV ZLWKLQ WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV DQG KROGLQJ D OLFHQVH WR FDUU\ >D SLVWRO@ FRQFHDOHG XSRQ KLV SHUVRQ LVVXHG E\ WKH DXWKRULWLHV RI WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV ´ 3$ VHFWLRQ Public Act 313 was repealed by 1927 PA 372, Michigan’s current Firearms Act. As enacted, section 12 of Public Act 372 DGGUHVVHG ERWK VHFWLRQ DQG VHFWLRQ OLFHQVLQJ DQG VHW IRUWK PDQ\ RI WKH H[FHSWLRQV IRXQG LQ WKH $FW WRGD\ LQFOXGLQJ ODQ JXDJH VLPLODU WR VXEVHFWLRQ I 7KH SURYLVLRQV RI VHFWLRQ WZR >SLVWRO OLFHQVLQJ@ >DQG@ ¿YH >FRQFHDOHG SLVWRO OLFHQVLQJ@ VKDOO not apply to . . . a person licensed to carry a pistol concealed upon his person issued by another state . . . 7KLV VHFWLRQ ZDV FRGL¿HG DW &/ † WKHQ DJDLQ DW &/ 6HFWLRQ ZDV ¿UVW DPHQGHG E\ 3XEOLF $FW RI 3XEOLF $FW DPHQGHG VHFWLRQ DQG DGGHG VHFWLRQ D 6HFWLRQ FRQWLQXHG WR VHW IRUWK WKH H[HPSWLRQV IURP VHFWLRQ ¶V SLVWRO OLFHQVLQJ UHTXLUHPHQWV LQFOXGLQJ WKH H[HPSWLRQ IRU D SHUVRQ ZLWK D FRQFHDOHG SLVWRO OLFHQVH IURP DQRWKHU VWDWH 1HZ VHFWLRQ D VHW IRUWK H[HPSWLRQV IURP WKH FRQFHDOHG SLVWRO OLFHQVLQJ UHTXLUHPHQWV ZKLFK LQFOXGHG D SDUDOOHO H[HPSWLRQ IRU ³>D@ SHUVRQ OLFHQVHG WR FDUU\ D SLVWRO FRQFHDOHG XSRQ KLV SHUVRQ LVVXHG E\ DQRWKHU VWDWH> @´ 6HH 3$ 0&/ D 6HFWLRQ D¶V ODQJXDJH ZDV ODWHU LQWHUSUHWHG E\ $WWRUQH\ *HQHUDO )UDQN .HOOH\ LQ 2$* 1R S 0D\ $WWRUQH\ *HQHUDO .HOOH\ DQDO\]HG VHFWLRQ D DQG 0&/ D ZKLFK H[HPSWHG ³D SHUVRQ KROGLQJ D YDOLG license to carry a pistol concealed upon his or her person issued by another state” from prosecution for carrying a concealed weapon under MCL 750.227. The Attorney General concluded that this language did not apply to Michigan residents with RXW RI VWDWH FRQFHDOHG SLVWRO OLFHQVHV LQ OLJKW RI WKH $FW¶V QXPHURXV DQG VSHFL¿F OLFHQVLQJ UHTXLUHPHQWV EHFDXVH WKLV ZRXOG “permit Michigan residents to avoid them by obtaining a concealed pistol license in another state that may not impose many of the Michigan requirements.” Id DW This opinion was cited with approval in People v Williams 0LFK $SS ZKLFK DOVR LQWHUSUHWHG MCL 750.231a and similarly concluded that the “person holding a valid license to carry a pistol concealed upon his or her person issued by another state” language did not apply to a Michigan resident in possession of an out-of-state concealed pistol license. Otherwise, a Michigan resident could avoid Michigan’s “strict criteria” by obtaining a license from another state. Id. at 571-572. 14 ,PSRUWDQWO\ QHLWKHU 2$* QRU WKH Williams &RXUW H[DPLQHG RU HYHQ PHQWLRQHG WKH ODQJXDJH RI VHFWLRQ 0&/ Not long after Williams , the Legislature amended section 12a in Public Act 381 of 2000. Public Act 381 amended section 12a WR SURYLGH LWV FXUUHQW H[HPSWLRQ IRU ³>D@ UHVLGHQW RI DQRWKHU VWDWH ZKR LV OLFHQVHG E\ WKDW VWDWH WR FDUU\ D FRQFHDOHG SLVWRO ´ 0&/ D K 7KLV DPHQGPHQW FRQIRUPHG WKH H[HPSWLRQ LQ VHFWLRQ D WR WKH LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ JLYHQ LW LQ Williams . Section 12 was also amended by Public Act 381. Before its amendment, section 12 provided that section 2 did not apply to “a person holding a license to carry a pistol concealed upon his person issued by another state . . . .” Public Act 381 substituted the term “United States citizen” for “person” in section 12(1)(f). MCL 28.432(1)(f). But unlike section 12a, section 12 was not amended to conform to the Williams Court’s interpretation. ³>:@KHQ HQDFWLQJ OHJLVODWLRQ WKH /HJLVODWXUH LV SUHVXPHG WR EH IXOO\ DZDUH RI H[LVWLQJ ODZV LQFOXGLQJ MXGLFLDO GHFLVLRQV ´ Alvan Motor Freight, Inc v Dep’t of Treasury , 281 Mich App 35, 41 (2008). Under this principle, it is presumed that the Legis ODWXUH ZDV DZDUH RI ERWK VHFWLRQ ¶V ORQJVWDQGLQJ H[HPSWLRQ IURP VHFWLRQ OLFHQVLQJ DQG WKH Williams decision interpreting similar language in section 12a. These facts, along with the Legislature’s failure to similarly amend section 12 at the same time LW DPHQGHG VHFWLRQ D LQ 3XEOLF $FW FRQ¿UPV WKDW WKH /HJLVODWXUH GLG QRW LQWHQG VHFWLRQ I WR EH OLPLWHG WR QRQUHVL GHQWV 5DWKHU 0LFKLJDQ UHVLGHQWV ZKR DUH DOVR 8QLWHG 6WDWHV FLWL]HQV PD\ LQYRNH WKH H[HPSWLRQ 15 The purpose of section 2 along with section 5b is the creation of a comprehensive licensing scheme regarding the possession of pistols by Michigan residents. Some might argue that allowing a Michigan resident to opt out of section 2 licensing based on the person’s possession of an out-of-state concealed pistol license is at odds with that purpose, particularly where even nonres LGHQWV VWD\LQJ LQ 0LFKLJDQ PXVW FRPSO\ ZLWK VHFWLRQ DIWHU WKH H[SLUDWLRQ RI GD\V 0&/ %XW WKH ODQJXDJH RI VHFWLRQ I LV H[SDQVLYH DQG LQFOXGHV 0LFKLJDQ UHVLGHQWV ,I WKLV LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ LV QRW WKH LQWHQGHG UHVXOW WKH /HJLVODWXUH LV certainly free to amend the Act accordingly. 14 See also Urbanik v Attorney General XQSXEOLVKHG PHPRUDQGXP RSLQLRQ E\ WKH 0LFKLJDQ &RXUW RI $SSHDOV 'RFNHW 1R GHFLGHG $SULO 1998 (similarly interpreting MCL 28.432a). 15 Unlike other sections of the Act, section 12(1)(f) has not been amended to address lawfully admitted aliens. See MCL 28.422(3)(c), 28.425b(7)(b); see also Chan v City of Troy 0LFK $SS KROGLQJ DV XQFRQVWLWXWLRQDO XQGHU WKH IHGHUDO (TXDO 3URWHFWLRQ &ODXVH VHFWLRQ ¶V 8QLWHG 6WDWHV FLWL]HQVKLS UHTXLUHPHQW IRU OLFHQVLQJ WR WKH H[WHQW LW H[FOXGHG ODZIXOO\ DGPLWWHG DOLHQV 7KLV RSLQLRQ GRHV QRW DGGUHVV ZKHWKHU 0LFKLJDQ UHVLGHQWV ZKR KROG D FRQFHDOHG SLVWRO OLFHQVH IURP DQRWKHU VWDWH DQG RWKHUV ZKR DUH H[HPSW IURP section 2 under section 12, must comply with the requirements of section 2a(2).

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