New Shooter Semi Auto Handgun Outline

Semi Auto New Shooter Training Outline

Date 3 / 21 /2 3

Classroom Content

5.0 Hours

New Shooter Semi Auto Handgun Outline Semi auto operation and the learning process

Anyone can prove to themselves that they cannot learn to shoot or shoot a specific handgun if they are in over their head by attempting a task that cannot be done and done safely. “Keep It Simple” is a good thing to consider when selecting and shooting a semi auto handgun. Handguns have a “learning curves ” that will dictate what is the best method of learning how to operate and shoot the handgun. That will affect the safety, success, and cost of learning. The more complicated the process required to operate and fire the handgun the higher the learning curve, the more time to master the process and the more it costs. The semi auto handgun will have a higher learning curve then a revolver. A Glock 19, 9mm with a striker firing pin system or those like it are one of the easiest to learn, therefore a low learning curve. Learning to shoot a semi auto as your first handgun can be placed into 4 categories 1 . Learning to Shoot 2. Learning Semi auto Handgun operation 3. Semi auto shooting skills 4. Range Safety and Procedures

Basic Operating Skills • Disassemble for clean and identify major operating parts • Handgun Cleaning • Reassemble and check for operation Identify Handgun function levers as applicable • Safeties

• Chamber loaded indicators • Slide lock back and release • Magazine release • Loaded chamber indicator • De-cocker if applicable

Trigger system - Identify type and operation • Double / single action

• Double action only • Single action only • Striker Fired

Handgun Grip

• Two handed Grip • One handed Grip

• Weaver stance slide grip • Isosceles stance Slide grip • Limp wrist Grip

Slide operation • Weaver stance grip • Isosceles stance grip • Riding the slide • With magazine in and empty • With magazine loaded • Lock back without magazine in handgun

Magazine operation • Loading • Unloading • Use of speed loaders

Loading and unloading the handgun • Loading from a slide forward condition • Loading from a slide back condition • Unloaded gun and make safe

Accessories • Snap caps

• Dummy rounds • Speed loaders

Semi auto malfunctions Because of how a semi auto works they all come with the possibilities listed below.

It is important the new semi auto operator develops skills that go beyond just pulling the trigger. Not understanding how to recognize and recover form malfunctions can lead to confusion and a unsafe condition that can be life threatening if encountered during a self-defense situation.

The possible malfunctions are failure to: • Feed • Fire • Extract • Eject • Double feed • Stove pipe

Most malfunctions can be prevented by following the list of “best practices” below. • Handgun Operation • Shooting Skills • Select the correct ammunition • Test fire the ammunition • Keep the gun clean Ammunition • Semi Auto is ammunition operated • Cartridge discharge recoil moves slide back to extract the round and cock the gun • Return spring pulls slide forward to pick round from magazine, chamber round and lock slide. • Test firing new self-defense ammo is important to assure proper operation of the gun • Shoot a box or two to check reliability

How to identify the correct type of ammunition for your gun • Gun Barrel • Operating Manual • Ammo Box • Head of case

Types of ammunition loads • Reloads - Target Only

• Standard Factory New - Self Defense/ Target • +P Higher performance / more cylinder pressure • +P+ Very high performance / much more cylinder pressure

Semiauto is ammunition sensitive • Shoot at least 25 rds. to assure operation • If you change gun or ammo must test again • Jacket hollow points feed better

Important cartridge Considerations • Cartridge length

• Shape of projectile • Velocity and energy • Weight of bullet

Care of ammunition • Solvents/Cleaning fluids can deactivate primers • Keep dry - away from extreme heat - change defense ammo year

Ammunition Malfunctions 1. Misfire. A failure of the primer to ignite the powder . A misfire is not dangerous, as long as that’s all it is. However, keep the firearm down range and on target for ten seconds in the event it is a “hangfire”. 2. Hangfire A delayed detonation of the primer. A hangfire can be dangerous in revolvers and pistols. They will typically discharge within 4 seconds but holding your firearm on target for 10 seconds will make certain the misfire is not a hangfire. This type of malfunction occurs with older ammunition or ammunition that has been tampered with or cleaned with solvents or oil. 3. Squib. A cartridge which is missing the powder or does not ignite properly. The symptom is a cap pistol type sound, and no recoil. When this happens, enough gas is generated to force the bullet from the neck of the casing, but not enough to push it through to the muzzle. In revolvers, it will often stop at the forcing cone, or just up the barrel. It is dangerous to fire another round behind. Any time you hear the tell tail “Pop”, STOP SHOOTING, DO NOT PULL THE TRIGGER, check the barrel for obstructions, call your range officer for help if necessary.

Introduction to Handgun Malfunction and Corrective Action

The handgun owner should have a clear understanding knowledge of handgun operation and shooting skills. They are:

Normal operating skills Normal Shooting skills Emergency skills (fail to function and fail to fire)

The semi auto and the revolver each have their own set of operating characteristics and possible failure to operate and fire. The failures can be placed into three categories 1) the shooter 2) the handgun 3) ammunition Sometimes it can be a combination of two or three that creates the problem. The semi auto, due to its fundamental operation, comes with its own unique issues that can create a real challenge and possible danger if not recognized and corrected in a timely manner. These are called Immediate Action Drills (IAD). Action must be immediately taken to correct the malfunction and return fire. These drills are practiced that create an immediate response that corrects the problem. Failure to recognize and correct can create a safety issue at the range too the possibility of the fatal loss of a self-defense gun fight at home or on the street. The good news is that modern semi auto handguns offer reliable operation if cleaned, maintained and the owner is well trained. The use of snap caps will help in the practice of safe normal and emergency mechanical operation skills necessary to master the semi auto handgun. Snap Caps are used in firearms for the following reasons: • Protects the firing pin system during dry fire practice • Practice loading and unloading handgun. • To practice fail to fire drills. • To practice the mechanics of immediate action drills. • To help identify handgun shooting errors such as flinching, and trigger pull errors. • Are used in place of live rounds to practice handgun operation in a non-range environment. • To help identify handgun shooting errors such as flinching, and trigger pull errors. • Are used in place of live rounds to practice handgun operation in a non-range environment

Below are malfunctions and causes that can happen to the semi auto and a revolver. The shooter should have the knowledge of why they happen, how to avoid them and be able to correct them if they occur.

Revolver Corrective action

Malfunction

Semi Auto Cause

Semi auto corrective action

Failure to load “Round not chambered”

Pull trigger to rotate cylinder and chamber a new round.

1. Tap-Rack-Go 2. Watch for failure to extract If malfunction happens again :

Deformed round Dirty or rough extractor face Dirty rails Dirty chamber Bad magazine Magazine not seated

1. Drop magazine 2. Lock slide back 3. Check chamber 4. Insert new magazine 5. Rack slide closed

Failure to fire *

1. Tap-Rack-Go 2. If no response, exchange mag & rack slide. 3. Watch for failure to extract 1. Drop magazine 2. Lock slide back 3. Work slide to clear case 4. Insert new magazine 5. Rack slide closed If malfunction repeats or if working the slide doesn’t clear B. Drop magazine C. Lock slide back D. Push case out with a pen or cleaning rod E. insert a new magazine F. Rack slide closed 1. Lock slide back out 2. Hook case with weak index finger & pull out 3. Tap-Rack-Go the weapon: A. Take cover

Pull trigger to rotate cylinder and chamber a new round.

Misfire/bad round Failure to feed Slide not locked Round not in chamber

Failure to extract Bad case rim

Does not apply during the shooting cycle

Bad or broken extractor or spring Dirty chamber or extractor Dirty rails

Stove pipe

Light load weak wrist Dirty rails

Does not apply to a revolver.

Failure of magazine to fall

Dirty magazine Dirty magazine well

1. Depress the mag release 2. Manually strip mag from gun

Does not apply

Round partially fed from magazine Release not sufficiently depressed

5

Shooing Range Procedures and Safety

Check in procedures • Safety Equipment • Eye and Ear Protection • Clothing • Range Rules Shooting Booth Rules • General rules

• Shoot from benched position in booth only • Gun goes to and from booth bench in box

Range Distractions • Gun discharge blast • Gun recoil • Misfire of firearm

• Unintentional discharge of firearm • Fired cartridge ejection direction • Other Shooters • Background noise • Next booth shooters

New Shooter Shooting Skill Development Transition Process

For many reasons the semi auto is the most used handgun gun and for the first-time gun owner it also has the highest learning curve. The transitio n and learning curve from that of a new shooter to the proficient use of a typical self-defense semi auto handgun can be a challenging task. Learning curve is the time and cost to reach your goal. Variables: The learning curve can be steep or flat based on the following: 1. Prior experience and knowledge of the gun owner 2. Type of semi auto handgun purchased. This will affect 1. The time it takes to learn how to operate and shoot the handgun. 2. The cost to learn to shoot the handgun. The least desirable method is to pick up the gun, go to the range and start shooting. The most desirable is to divide the training into segments that you can build on the progress in a safe and orderly manner. One method that has proven to work well is the shooting skill development process. Each step is divided into a specific process that can be identified and learned without overloading the student with multiple tasks. An important part of our four-step training process is to ensure the safety of training, develop skills without fear and create the confidence the student will need to operate on his/her own. The steps are completed in a logical order, with each building on the previous skill. Learning to shoot a handgun is a muscle memory process that will form a repeatable habit on how a person learns to operate and shoot a handgun. A person will repeat what they have learned. If the person has developed bad or possible dangerous muscle memory habits, it is hard to correct them. Therefore, it is critical to the learning process that the new shooter repeats each step in the proper order required to operate and shoot a specific handgun.

The Process - Range Preparation

Step one s tarts wtih using a Glock 9mm Laser Shot handgun to deveolp the six fundamentals of shooting and the required muscle memory skills. Step two we use a .22 caliber handgun that allows the shooter to practice the fundamentals with a live fire gun that has minimal recoil and muzzle blast. Step three we use a 38 special revolver toaddress 3 important topics: 1. Dry fire trigger control practice 2. Center fire firepower handgun management 3. Shooter Flinching (s hooter reaction to the discharge of a typical center fire handgun. (9mm and .38 special) . Here you will learn the use of “snap caps ” as a safe and effective training aide. Step Four the student will transition to a typical self-defense semi auto handgun. For this we can use our class handgun, the clock 19, 9mm or the students own gun. Completion Goals: The student should be able to operate and shoot a semi auto handgun in a typical shooting range environment without the aid of instructor support.

Video Flinching - Cause and Remedy

Flinching - making a quick, nervous movement as an instinctive reaction to fear, pain, or surprise

Revolver Ball and Dummy Load

Semi auto ball and dummy drill Alternately load live rounds and snap caps. If you anticipate and flinch that will pull the gun sights off target Your response and gun movement should be the same for both rounds.

Load 3 live rounds and 3 snap caps. Do not anticipate if the next shot is live round or snap cap. If you do you will flinch. Your response should be the same for both.

Range Shooting Skill Content

2 -3 Hours

Range Shooting Skill P rocess - applying the process

Step One: Develop the fundamentals of shooting with a laser handgun training. Training Device: Glock Laser Handgun The student will use a clock laser handgun to learn and demonstrate the two fundamentals of handgun shooting.

Glock Laser handgun Video

1. The NRA fundamentals of marksmanship are: Aiming, breath control, hold control, trigger control and follow- through

2 .The NRA's elements of a good shooting position: Consistency, balance, support, natural aiming area and comfort.

1 and 2 above are also known as the 6 fundamentals of shooting.

( 1) Stance (2) Grip (3) Sight alignment (4) Trigger Control (5) Breath Control (6) Follow Through

Step 2. Develop live fire shooting skills with a handgun that creates minimal recoil and muzzle blast noise . Training Device: Ruger .22 semi auto handgun Target placed at 15 ft. Ammunition required: 25 rounds

Ruger Mark 3 .22 semi auto video

The shooter will start with the gun on the bench and hands at their sides. The goal is to always start from the beginning of the shooting process and repeat it over 4 times.

Step 3. Center Fire Handgun Transition Handgun: 6 shot .38 special S& W Revolver

4-inch barrel 3 finger grips

S&W .38 special trigger control video

Ammunition required: 15 rounds Target at 15 ft.

Goal: Learn to manage the more powerful centerfire self-defense handgun cartridge. Common issues that new shooter will probably encounter are flinching caused by recoil and muzzle blast, and the strength to pull a double action trigger. Center fire handguns such as the 9mm and .38 caliber produce considerable recoil and muscle blast when fired. This can easily produce a flinching reaction by new shooters. Flinching is anticipating the recoil and muscle blast of powerful self-defense guns. The use of .38 revolver with the dryfire and ball and dummy training method is a time-tested method to self-defense caliber handgun shooting. One of the reasons we flinch is that our brains just aren't accustomed to recoil and muzzle blast Rapid fire can exacerbate this problem, and the increased noise and pressure from multiple shots in quick succession can easily throw you off and cause a flinch response to start creeping in. Flinch anticipation management. Step 4. Semi Auto Handgun

The final Step - Semi auto handgun operation and shooting skills

Range Detail

Step one : Demonstrate the fundamentals of shooting and range safety with Glock laser handgun. • Stance, Grip, Sight alignment, breath control, trigger control, range safety procedures Step two: Develop live fire shooting skills with a handgun that creates minimal recoil and muzzle last noise. Training Device: Ruger .22 semi auto handgun Training Method: Building Block Shooting Skill Method Target placed at 15 ft. Ammunition: Ammunition required: 15 rounds Building Block Training Method: A method of building shooting skills in an efficient manner that creates a retention of the 6 fundamentals of shooting. 1. Stance 2. Grip 3. Sight alignment 4. Trigger Control 5. Breath Control 6. Follow Through The shooter will start with the gun on the bench and hands at their sides. The goal is to always start from the beginning of the shooting process and repeat it over 5 times. Each time loading an additional round in the magazine. Step 3. Center Fire Handgun Transition Handgun: 38 revolver Ammunition required: 15 rounds Target at 15 ft. Goal: Learn to manage the more powerful centerfire self-defense handgun. Here the student will learn the important training skills such as “Dryfire” and “Ball and Dummy” Shooting Exercises, the use of “Snap Caps” and flinch anticipation management. Center fire handguns such as the 9mm and .38 caliber produce considerable recoil and muscle blast when fired. This can easily produce a flinching reaction by new shooters. Flinching is anticipating the recoil and muscle blast of powerful self-defense guns . The use of .38 revolver with the dryfire and ball and dummy training method is a time-tested method to self-defense caliber handgun shooting. • Load one round and fire one • Load two rounds and fire two • Load three rounds and fire three • Load five rounds and fire five

Step 4. The Self Defense Center Fire Semi Auto Handgun: Our Glock 9mm or Student Handgun The student will learn self-defense semi auto handgun operation and shooting skills and the use of snap caps and dry fire to enhance operation safety and shooting skills.

Ammunition: 50 rounds Target at 15 and 21 ft.

Semi Auto Training Aid Content

Semi Auto Specific Video

Semi Auto Handgun Operation 5 videos with a total run time of 17 min

The Weaver Position

Shooters body 45 degrees to target

Strong arm pushed out straight

Weak arm bent at elbow and pulled straight back to avoid pulling handgun off alignment

The weaver Stance

D. Tuck support side arm in and pull against strong hand

C. Push strong side straight out to the target

A. Stand 45 degrees to the target with strong side leg froward.

Isosceles Natural/ Neutral shooting position

Stand facing the target with your feet about shoulder with apart. Fig A Push forward at the shoulder and knees to maintain balance Fig B Grip the handgun and push straight out to form an isosceles triangle. Bring the handgun up to your sight alignment height. Place the vertical center of the target so it centered with your body and aligns with the apex of the triangle (the handgun) Fig C. Place the horizontal center of the target with the height of the handgun position. Fig D. When you push the handgun straight forward at eye level it should be at the center of the target

Fig B

Fig A

Fig C

Fig D

The Natural and Neutral Shooting Position

Target

Front Sight

Rear Sight

Eye

Side View

Arms pushed forward in the natural and neutral position.

Overhead View

Shooter

Shooting Grip

Semi auto Handgun Slide Operation

Weaver Stance Grip

The Weaver Stance claw slide Grip - rear view

The Weaver Stance Pistol Grip

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The Weaver Stance claw slide Grip

Semi Auto Handgun Grip

A semi auto handgun that allows a three finger grip will provide better grip control.

The handgun should be placed in the shooting hand straight with the arm and used as a natural extension of the arm.

A handgun with a natural pointing grip will allow you to be able to grip the gun with your trigger finger parallel to the slid. This creates the ability to point and shoot when the use of the gun sites may not be possible.

Overhead view of the natural pointing strong hand grip

Overhead view of the two handed grip

For a two-handed grip the weak hand thumb should be under the strong hand with both under the slide.

The strong hand should be pushed up under the the dovetail of the slide. Allowing the strong hand grip to be placed above the dovetail can result in "SLIDE BITE" . Slide bite is when the corner of the slide comes back over your hand a rips a gash in the top your hand.

Trigger F inger P lacement Selecting the Handgun to fit your hand will have a direct impact on how well you will shoot the gun. Just like shoes you buy a pair to fit your feet for the way you will use the shoe.

Place the handgun in your strong hand and align it as a natural extension of your arm.

The trigger finger should be able to be placed on the trigger midway between the end of the finger and the first joint. The goal is to pull the trigger straight back into your grip hand. See Fig A below

Figure B usually results when the handgun trigger distance is too short, and the shooter will place the trigger finger too far across the trigger creating a pull off center to the right to the right.

Figure C c an result when the trigger distance is to long and the trigger can only be reached by the tip of the finger causing the handgun to be pulled to the left.

Fig A

Fig C

Fig B

Fig A

Fig B

Fig C

Pistol Correction Chart (Left Hand)

Pistol Correction Chart (Right Hand)

Shooting Skill Accessories • Save Time and Money and Learn More • Maintain and improve current skills. • Learn new skills. • Reduce costs. Ammunition and Firearms are all but impossible to find. But that should not keep the handgun owner from training.

Snap Caps: Protects the firing pin system during dry fire practice. Practice loading and unloading. Used to help identify shooting errors such as flinching. Used in fail to fire drills. Used in “ball and dummy” drills.

Training options used to improve handgun operation and shooting skills

Practice muscle memory skills, such as grip, drawing from a holster and trigger finger control.

Glock (Sirt MFG) Handgun

Practice all the fundaments of shooting at home or in the range. “Laser bullets” are inexpensive and you never run out of ammo.

Use snap caps for semi auto practice A Protects the firing pin system during dry fire practice B. Practice loading and unloading handgun C. Are used to help identify handgun shooting errors such as flinching and trigger pull errors D. Are used to practice fail to fire drills. E. Are used in place of live rounds to practice handgun operation in a non-range environment

the use of a laser on a semi auto will help show the shooter the shot placement vs where you aimed

With the revolver snap caps are used to practice 1. Handgun Operation 2. Loading and unloading 3. Dry fire practice 4. Ball and Dummy drills to detect and help correct flinching.

Basic Semi Auto Handgun Course of Fire The Building Block Technique – Effective, and efficient shooting skill development Here you will learn the fundamentals using live fire shooting skill and muscle memory each time the gun is loaded and fired. The student will complete the entire process of handgun operation before starting a shooting phase. The Process: • The process starts with loading the magazine, inserting the magazine into the gun, chambering a round and place the gun on the shooting bench in preparation to shoot. • Place your hands at your sides • On command pick up gun with two hands and shoot • Reload and return to the bench • Repeat process loading one addition round each time Course of Fire Phase one: Skill: Develop live fire handgun operation and shooting skill Target placed at 15 feet

Rounds required: 21 1. Load Slide back Load one round and fire one 2. Load Slide Forward Load two and Fire Two 3. Load Slide Back Load Three and fire Three 4. Load Slide back Load four and Fire Four 5. Load slide back

Load five and Fire five 6. Load Slide forward Load six and fire six

Phase Two: Skill : Slide forward load Target at 15 ft 6 rounds Phase Three Skill : Slide back Load Target at 21 ft 6 rounds

Phase Four Skill: Strong hand only shooting (one handed) Target at 15 ft 6 rounds

Phase Five Skill: Unload a loaded handgun and make safe

Target at 21 ft Load 6 Rounds Fire 3 Unload the handgun and make it safe

Total Rounds Required: 45

Total Time: 2.0 hours

Training Location_____________________ Date: ___________________________ Student Name: _________________________ Instructor: _____________________________

Pass____________ Fail______________

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At some time t ry to achieve the skill of placing all your shots in the center of the large circle on the target. That will mean you are shooting at the center of center mass and less likely to miss. Remember most people on ly carry the ammunition in their handgun thats it!

The Language of Handguns Firearms, like many products, are mechanical and have their own terminology and jargon. We offer this alphabetized glossary of terms to help you get started. Cocked : A gun is cocked when the hammer is pulled back and set under spring tension. Most guns discharge when the trigger is released and the weight of the spring power slams the hammer forward and consequently the firing pin strikes the ammunition. Depending on the gun’s design, the hammer may be cocked manually (with one’s thumb) for a light, short trigger pull; by pressing the double-action trigger (called trigger cocking) for a longer, heavier trigger pull or by the action of a semi- automatic pistol’s slide (when its rearward movement cocks the hammer.) Decock: Lowering the cocked hammer on a loaded chamber without discharging the gun, usually accomplished on semi-autos by pressing a decocking lever. (Though riskier, some semi- automatics and all revolvers are de-cocked manually, by simultaneously pressing the trigger while easing the hammer down with one’s fingers.) Double-Action-Only (DAO): A revolver or semi- automatic pistol which only fires through trigger cocking (double action); never from a cocked hammer (single action). Semi-auto Dao’s mechanically lower the hammer after each shot. DAO revolvers are set up to eliminate the option of single-action firing altogether. Double-Action Revolver : A revolver that can be discharged two ways: first, by simply pulling the trigger, which cocks, then releases the hammer; second, by manually thumb- cocking the hammer then pressing the trigger. Double-action revolvers differ from cowboy-style single-action revolvers, which must be thumb-cocked for every shot. Double Action (Semi-Automatic): A hybrid pistol that can be initially discharged through trigger cocking; in all subsequent shots, the slide’s movement cocks the hammer for single action operation Manual safety or thumb safety : Usually a lever mounted toward the rear of the slide, or the frame below the slide, designed to prevent discharge, even if the trigger is pressed. This is mechanically accomplished by blocking the trigger, hammer or firing pin. Semi-automatic pistol : A handgun fed by a magazine and de-signed to discharge one cartridge with each trigger pull. When fired, force from the discharge drives the slide back, ejecting the empty case; when the slide returns, it moves one cartridge from the magazine into the chamber. Sometimes called “autos” or “autoloaders,” because the ammunition is fed from the magazine into the chamber automatically. Single Action (Semi-Automatic ): A pistol that will only fire if the hammer is cocked, either manually or by the gun’s firing cycle. Most common example is the 1911 Government Model. Striker-fired: Semi-auto pistol where the hammer and firing pin are replaced with a spring tensioned punch. The trigger releases the striker to impact the cartridge’s primer. Some designs place partial spring pressure on the striker but obstruct it with an internal block to prevent discharge without pressure on the trigger.

Slide lockback and release lever General Description : A lever on the side of the frame of the semi auto that automatically locks the slide back when the last shot is fired. This provides ease of reloading by allowing the shooter to release the empty mag and insert a full magazine, release the slide, and continue shooting. With e mpty Mag. The slide lockback engages the slide and locks slide back with empty mag in gun. With r ounds in mag . The slide lockback disengages the slide and allows the slide to move forward chambering a round. Without magazine in gun: The slide lockback lever must be manually operated to engage the slide and lock back the slide.

Chamber loaded indicator: A devise on the semi auto that allows the operator to visual see that the handgun is loaded or not.

Firearms Dictionary of Terms Action: the action is, as the name suggests, the part of the firearm that “acts” to produce a shot. It’s used to refer to the central bit of rifles, shotguns and pistols. The action is where you load, fire, and eject cartridges or shells (ammo). Butt: on a rifle or shotgun, the butt is the end of the gun that you rest against your shoulder while firing. It’s just the end bit of the stock, which is the larger, triangular piece of wood at that end. Pistols technically have butts, but it’s just a small area at the bottom of the grip. The butt serves as a brace for your arm, and it absorbs some of the shock of the blast. Stock: The stock is the large (usually wooden, on rifles and shotguns) part of the gun behind the action. You wrap your arm around it when you shoot. It serves as the handle of your firearm. The stock is also an aesthetic piece. This is where you’ll see the grain of the wood on classic rifles/shotguns, and where the ornate decorative bits will be on pistols. Barrel: the barrel is the tube through which the bullet passes on its way from the firing chamber to the muzzle. The barrel also contains the bore, which is a term that refers to the actual channel the bullet travels through. Trigger: the trigger is a lever which you pull with your finger to fire the weapon. The trigger controls the firing mechanism, and sets off a chain of actions which result in the bullet coming out the muzzle end of the firearm. Hammer: when you pull the trigger, it causes the hammer to contact the primer area or firing pin of your bullet. This causes the powder to ignite, which in turn creates a chemical reaction that fires the bullet out the muzzle at high speeds. Handgun hammers are often visible, but most rifle hammers are internal and not visible. On single-shot revolvers (the kind you’ll see in many Westerns), you have to manually cock the hammer back before pulling the trigger. The vast majority of hammers are set to cock automatically and then release when you pull the trigger, in one smooth movement. Trigger guard: the trigger guard is a piece of metal which forms a ring around the trigger lever. It’s designed to prevent accidental firing. Safety: the safety can look any number of ways. It might be a button, a sliding component, or something else. Be sure you know exactly where it is and what it looks like on your firearms! It should be located next to the trigger, on the action. The safety blocks the trigger mechanism. While the trigger guard can only prevent the trigger from being knocked back accidentally, the safety, will keep the trigger from moving even if you squeeze it with your finger inside the guard. Muzzle: the muzzle is the opening on the business end of the gun, at the end of the barrel. Breech: the breech is where you load ammunition on the vast majority of guns. It’s located at the midsection of the firearm, usually as part of the action. Some shotguns and older rifles/pistols are what are called “muzzle-loaders”, because you have to load ammunition through their muzzles. Breech loaded guns are much safer, and the norm on the market today. Chamber: the chamber is a section of the barrel (usually behind the breech) where the actual cartridge is stored for firing.

Cylinder: these are only found on revolver-style pistols. On those guns, the cylinder is the component that keeps all the rounds loaded, rotating as you fire through them. Magazines: these are only found on repeating weapons. They store a bunch of cartridges, and fit into the breech of the gun. In most cases, they’re detachable. Bolt: some rifles are called “bolt-action” firearms. They have a moving metal piece which fits over the breech to seal the cartridge into the firing chamber. Bolt handle: the bolt handle controls the bolt, and you’ll use it to load and unload any bolt-action firearm. Sight: most guns are equipped with basic iron sights, which have a front and back part. You aim by pointing your weapon so that the sights fall in line with each other. You can use these to eyeball targets at close range, but they’re no substitute for a scope beyond 50 yards. Scope: any rifle being used at distances beyond 50 yards should be equipped with a scope. A scope is a magnifying eyepiece used to get a clear view of targets at long range. They’re essential for shooting safely and for any kind of hunting. Don’t expect to find rifles pre-fitted with scopes, though! You’ll need to choose one that suits your firearm before you start shooting.

Protect Systems Training Academy DBA Handgun Training Specialists

Office Virtual Classroom Training Training Program Production Address 556 Tennyson Rochester Hills, Mi. 48307 248-309-9579

Classroom Training 1681 E. Auburn RD, Ste. F , Rochester Hills, Mi. 48307 S cheduled by appointment only 248-309-9579

6559 Dixie Highway Clarkston, Ml 48346

A ccurate R ange O ur Place to Shoot

Phone: 248-625-3551

Instructor and Attorney

Gerald Wrage: Owner NRA Firearms Instructor NRA Range Safety Officer NRA Law Enforcement Instructor Firearms Law and Use of Force Instructor Former law enforcement and training sergeant Crime Prevention Specialist

Micheal Klockow Attorney and Legal Counsel

Gerald Wrage 30 years’ experience as a professional instructor and training program development . Skill Set and Job Experience NRA Certified Firearms Instructor NRA Certified Range Safety Officer Former NRA Law enforcement handgun and shotgun instructor OCSD - R eserve officer, Reserve Training Sarge a nt, and Park Deputy Securitas Security Services : Director and chief instructor of armed officer division. Job description included: Handgun Training, Pepper Spray, Defensive Tactics, Handcuffing and ASP Baton. Huffmaster Associates – Private Investigations and Security Special work assignments that required an armed PI and Bodyguard/personal protection details. Owner of Protect Systems Training Academy : Civilian, Security Guard and Law enforcement training. Only civilian owner and operator a Law enforcement grade shooting simulator. With use of force and training in the use handguns, rifles, shotguns, pepper spray and tasers. Expert witness testimony and depositions, with experience in misdemeanor and felony charges and prosecution. Concealed Pistol expert witness regarding concealed pistol Laws, legal Liability, and the use of a firearm in self-defense. Court Mandated probation training for firearms and weapons related offenses.

A Partial list of Training and Education Oakland County Sheriff’s Dept. Reserve Police Academy

Law Enforcement In-service training programs NRA Law enforcement certified firearms instructor

MCOLES approved training course for Basic Firearms and Police Shotgun Instructor certification Schoolcraft Collage Law Enforcement In-service Firearms and Police Shotgun Instructor certification course Camp Perry, Ohio - Law Enforcement Firearms Instructor Training The Lethal Force Institute - training in the use of deadly force by civilians in self defense. The National Criminal Justice Training Council - Law enforcement use of force Instructor. Detroit Police Academy - crime prevention school. The University of Louisville's National Crime Prevention Institute with special training in crime prevention and security.

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